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	<title>SHAFR.org &#187; Policymaking&#8211;American</title>
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	<link>http://www.shafr.org</link>
	<description>The Website of the Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations</description>
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		<title>The McChrystal Affair: Pity the Poor Historian</title>
		<link>http://www.shafr.org/2010/07/30/the-mcchrystal-affair-pity-the-poor-history/</link>
		<comments>http://www.shafr.org/2010/07/30/the-mcchrystal-affair-pity-the-poor-history/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 30 Jul 2010 19:38:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Michael Hunt</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Afghanistan War:  2001-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Barack Obama administration:  2009-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Harry Truman administration:  1945-1953]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Military affaris]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Policymaking--American]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Vietnam:  1945-1961]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Vietnam:  1961-1975]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.shafr.org/?p=2458</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Crossposted from Michael Hunt&#8217;s Washington and the World blog.
There is good reason to pity the poor historian, who has been tested especially severely during the recent McChrystal-Obama imbroglio as the eruption of historical parallels and lessons have ranged from the wrong-headed to the off-kilter.
Henry Kissinger is a good example of the wrong-headed. This policy heavyweight, [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.shafr.org/2010/07/30/the-mcchrystal-affair-pity-the-poor-history/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Weekly Digest &#8211; 4/26/10</title>
		<link>http://www.shafr.org/2010/04/26/2286/</link>
		<comments>http://www.shafr.org/2010/04/26/2286/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 26 Apr 2010 16:40:31 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Nick Ducote</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Afghanistan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Afghanistan War:  2001-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Anti-War Efforts]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Arms Control]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Arms Trade]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Around the Web]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Barack Obama administration:  2009-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[China]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Culture and international relations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Foreign aid]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Homeland security]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Human Rights]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Iraq]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Military affaris]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nuclear policy & WMD]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Russia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cyberattacks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[obama]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.shafr.org/?p=2286</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Henry Sokolski argues that current U.S. political will to reduce nuclear dangers should be channeled into a practical set of control measures that are more likely to secure bipartisan support and can begin to be implemented without the legal consent of other states. [more]
How can the United States defend its national and commercial interests against [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.shafr.org/2010/04/26/2286/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Weekly Digest &#8211; 3/24/10</title>
		<link>http://www.shafr.org/2010/03/24/weekly-digest-32410/</link>
		<comments>http://www.shafr.org/2010/03/24/weekly-digest-32410/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 24 Mar 2010 18:00:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Nick Ducote</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Around the Web]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Intelligence]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Internationl law and treaties]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Military affaris]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[National Security]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nuclear policy & WMD]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Terrorism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Theory and Ideas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Trade policy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Immigration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[nuclear weapons]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pakistan]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.shafr.org/?p=2203</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In New York City, Mexican immigrants’ articulations of rights are neither uniform nor straightforward, suggested Alyshia Gálvez at a recent talk co-sponsored by the Center for Latin American and Caribbean Studies and the Working Group on Anthropology and Population. Assistant Professor of Latin American and Puerto Rican Studies at Lehman College, Gálvez described two projects [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.shafr.org/2010/03/24/weekly-digest-32410/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
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		<item>
		<title>Weekly Digest &#8211; 3/10/10</title>
		<link>http://www.shafr.org/2010/03/10/weekly-digest-31010/</link>
		<comments>http://www.shafr.org/2010/03/10/weekly-digest-31010/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 10 Mar 2010 20:37:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Nick Ducote</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Afghanistan War:  2001-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Around the Web]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Barack Obama administration:  2009-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Brazil]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Early Cold War:  1945-1961]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[George W. Bush administration:  2001-2008]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gerald Ford administration:  1974-1977]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Harry Truman administration:  1945-1953]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Iraq War:  2003-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Jimmy Carter administration:  1977-1981]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[John Kennedy administration:  1961-1963]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Korean War: 1950-1953]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Late Cold War:  1961-1991]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Lyndon Johnson administration:  1963-1969]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Military affaris]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[National Security]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nuclear policy & WMD]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Policymaking--American]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Post-colonial Third World]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Propaganda and cultural diplomacy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Public Opinion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Terrorism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cold War]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[The Hurt Locker]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[waterboarding]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.shafr.org/?p=2123</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Four years after the United States dropped two atomic bombs on Japanese cities, the Soviet Union explodes its first nuclear weapon at a test range in Kazakhstan. That the Soviet Union obtained &#8220;the bomb&#8221; is not surprising, but the timing of the test is. Most U.S. intelligence assessments at the time concluded Moscow was at [...]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Diplomats Among Warriors</title>
		<link>http://www.shafr.org/2010/02/16/diplomats-among-warriors/</link>
		<comments>http://www.shafr.org/2010/02/16/diplomats-among-warriors/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 16 Feb 2010 17:37:29 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>John Prados</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Afghanistan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Afghanistan War:  2001-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Barack Obama administration:  2009-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Early Cold War:  1945-1961]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Historiography]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Military affaris]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Terrorism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Theory and Ideas]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.shafr.org/?p=2082</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In Afghanistan at the moment (February 2010), U.S. Marines, allied troops, and Afghan government soldiers are embarked on an offensive at a town called Marja in Helmand province. American commander-in-chief General Stanley A. McChrystal here makes the first expression of the strategy that underlies the appeal for reinforcements that led to the Obama administration “surge” [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.shafr.org/2010/02/16/diplomats-among-warriors/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Is Wartime a Time to End Don&#8217;t Ask, Don&#8217;t Tell?</title>
		<link>http://www.shafr.org/2010/02/16/is-wartime-a-time-to-end-dont-ask-dont-tell/</link>
		<comments>http://www.shafr.org/2010/02/16/is-wartime-a-time-to-end-dont-ask-dont-tell/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 16 Feb 2010 17:28:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Mary Dudziak</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Barack Obama administration:  2009-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bill Clinton administartion:  1993-2001]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[George W. Bush administration:  2001-2008]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Military affaris]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Terrorism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bush]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Clinton]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Don't Ask Don't Tell]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[obama]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[War on Terror]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.shafr.org/?p=2079</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[As the Obama Administration moves (slowly) toward repeal of Don’t Ask Don’t Tell, one argument in opposition is that the nation is at war, and significant changes in the military should not take place during wartime. One response to that point is that all hands are needed during heightened military deployments, and it harms American [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.shafr.org/2010/02/16/is-wartime-a-time-to-end-dont-ask-dont-tell/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Obama and U.S. Foreign Policy</title>
		<link>http://www.shafr.org/2010/01/26/obama-and-u-s-foreign-policy/</link>
		<comments>http://www.shafr.org/2010/01/26/obama-and-u-s-foreign-policy/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 26 Jan 2010 22:31:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>KC Johnson</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Afghanistan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Afghanistan War:  2001-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Barack Obama administration:  2009-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[China]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Congress]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Honduras]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Iran]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Israel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Op-Eds]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Post-Cold War:  1991-2001]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ronald Reagan administration:  1981-1989]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Barack Obama]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Czech Republic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gay rights]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[guantanamo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hugo Chávez]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[iran]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[John McCain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Peggy Noonan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Poland]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[POLITICO]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Rashid Khalidi]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ronald Reagan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Russia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[State of the Union]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.shafr.org/?p=1972</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Historians, of all people, should understand the dangers of prematurely evaluating a President’s foreign policy record. Quite apart from all that we learn as archives open, the passage of time provides perspective. To take an obvious example: while few contemporary observers would celebrate it now, at the time, Ronald Reagan’s approach to Afghanistan was heralded [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.shafr.org/2010/01/26/obama-and-u-s-foreign-policy/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>A View from the Outside: Assessing Obama&#8217;s First Year as President</title>
		<link>http://www.shafr.org/2010/01/26/a-view-from-the-outside-assessing-obamas-first-year-as-president/</link>
		<comments>http://www.shafr.org/2010/01/26/a-view-from-the-outside-assessing-obamas-first-year-as-president/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 26 Jan 2010 22:24:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Sandra Scanlon</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Afghanistan War:  2001-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Barack Obama administration:  2009-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bill Clinton administartion:  1993-2001]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Congress]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Culture and international relations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Environmental Concerns]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Europe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[European Union]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Imperialism/Colonization]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[International Organizations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Iran]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Iraq]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Iraq War:  2003-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Israel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Late Cold War:  1961-1991]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Op-Eds]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Post-9/11:  2001-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Presidency]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[State Department]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Western Europe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Afghanistan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[al Qaeda]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Barack Obama]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bill Clinton]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[climate change]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cold War]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Copenhagen]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[George W. Bush]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hillary Clinton]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[iran]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[iraq]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nobel Peace Prize]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[State of the Union]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Taliban]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.shafr.org/?p=1968</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Barack Obama’s run for the presidency was observed by European publics perhaps more than any US election in recent history. Students, for whom the presidency of Bill Clinton was barely a memory and little more than a footnote introducing the Bush era, debated the relative merits of a Clinton or Obama nomination largely in terms [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.shafr.org/2010/01/26/a-view-from-the-outside-assessing-obamas-first-year-as-president/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Weekly Digest &#8212; 12/14/09</title>
		<link>http://www.shafr.org/2009/12/14/weekly-digest-121409/</link>
		<comments>http://www.shafr.org/2009/12/14/weekly-digest-121409/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 14 Dec 2009 19:41:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Nick Ducote</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Afghanistan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Afghanistan War:  2001-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Anti-War Efforts]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Arms Control]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Around the Web]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Barack Obama administration:  2009-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Central America & Caribbean]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Corporate Relations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Disarmament]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Environmental Concerns]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[George W. Bush administration:  2001-2008]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Human Rights]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[International Economic Relations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[International Trade and Economics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mexico]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Narcotics Trade]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[National Security]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nuclear policy & WMD]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pakistan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Peace and dissent]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Policymaking--American]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[South America]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Barack Obama]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[drugs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nobel Peace Prize]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.shafr.org/?p=1839</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[British Prime Minister Gordon Brown unveiled an eminently sensible proposal this week: to place a 50 percent tax on all bankers’ bonuses in his country. But another, even more sensible idea of his last month was shot down by other nations, notably the United States. [more]
President Barack Obama’s Nobel Peace Prize speech Thursday is drawing [...]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>The State Department Wants You! (or does it?)</title>
		<link>http://www.shafr.org/2009/11/23/the-state-department-wants-you-or-does-it/</link>
		<comments>http://www.shafr.org/2009/11/23/the-state-department-wants-you-or-does-it/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 23 Nov 2009 17:28:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Molly Wood</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Afghanistan War:  2001-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Barack Obama administration:  2009-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Iraq War:  2003-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Post-9/11:  2001-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[State Department]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Theodore Roosevelt administration:  1901-1909]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Afghanistan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Barack Obama]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hilary Clinton]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[iraq]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[U.S. Foreign Service]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[U.S. State Department]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.shafr.org/?p=1795</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In October 2007, presidential candidate Barack Obama promised a new approach to American foreign policy.  “It’s time to make diplomacy a top priority,” he announced.  “Instead of shuttering consulates, we need to open them in the tough and hopeless corners of the world. Instead of having more Americans serving in military bands than the diplomatic [...]]]></description>
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