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	<title>SHAFR.org &#187; World War II:  1939-1945</title>
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	<link>http://www.shafr.org</link>
	<description>The Website of the Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations</description>
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		<title>Pearl Harbor: Seventy Years Later</title>
		<link>http://www.shafr.org/2011/12/03/pearl-harbor-seventy-years-later/</link>
		<comments>http://www.shafr.org/2011/12/03/pearl-harbor-seventy-years-later/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 04 Dec 2011 00:59:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Hiroshi Kitamura</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Franklin Roosevelt administration:  1933-1945]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Japan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Op-Eds]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Roundtable]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World War II:  1939-1945]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.shafr.org/?p=3494</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Japan’s surprise attack of Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 was a dramatic event that destroyed and wrecked at least eighteen U.S. vessels and 188 planes, while killing some 2,400 Americans. The experience was spectacular and horrifying. Yet the impact of the military operation far transcended the immediate damages it inflicted on the strategically valued [...]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
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		<item>
		<title>Forgetting Pearl Harbor</title>
		<link>http://www.shafr.org/2011/12/03/3489/</link>
		<comments>http://www.shafr.org/2011/12/03/3489/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 04 Dec 2011 00:55:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Emily Rosenberg</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Franklin Roosevelt administration:  1933-1945]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Japan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Op-Eds]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Roundtable]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World War II:  1939-1945]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.shafr.org/?p=3489</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Is 12/7 or 9/11 the date that lives in infamy? The possibility that popular historical memories of the attack of 9/11 may be crowding out those of the Japan’s 1941 attack, making 9/11 the central infamous episode in recent U.S. history, raises larger questions about how and why nations, collectively, remember major events.
“Remember Pearl Harbor” [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.shafr.org/2011/12/03/3489/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
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		<item>
		<title>Pearl Harbor and Japanese Americans: Another Sort of Infamy</title>
		<link>http://www.shafr.org/2011/12/03/pearl-harbor-and-japanese-americans-another-sort-of-infamy/</link>
		<comments>http://www.shafr.org/2011/12/03/pearl-harbor-and-japanese-americans-another-sort-of-infamy/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 04 Dec 2011 00:52:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Greg Robinson</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Franklin Roosevelt administration:  1933-1945]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Japan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Op-Eds]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Roundtable]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World War II:  1939-1945]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.shafr.org/?p=3487</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and the outbreak of World War II in the Pacific triggered the mass removal of 112,000 American citizens and longtime residents of Japanese ancestry from the U.S. Pacific Coast during mid-1942, which then resulted in their confinement in government camps for the balance of the war. However, when I [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.shafr.org/2011/12/03/pearl-harbor-and-japanese-americans-another-sort-of-infamy/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Pearl Harbor: The Road to Irreconcilable Worldviews</title>
		<link>http://www.shafr.org/2011/12/03/pearl-harbor-the-road-to-irreconcilable-worldviews/</link>
		<comments>http://www.shafr.org/2011/12/03/pearl-harbor-the-road-to-irreconcilable-worldviews/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 04 Dec 2011 00:46:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>John Gripentrog</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Franklin Roosevelt administration:  1933-1945]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Japan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Op-Eds]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Roundtable]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World War II:  1939-1945]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.shafr.org/?p=3482</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Anniversaries are not easy for the historian. Defining moments in history are typically commemorated in solemnity or regaled in celebration, both of which rely principally on emotional investment. For the historian, however, anniversaries are moments to reflect more critically on complex questions such as causation, consequence, and context. The seventy-year anniversary of the Japanese surprise [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.shafr.org/2011/12/03/pearl-harbor-the-road-to-irreconcilable-worldviews/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
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		<item>
		<title>Remembering Pearl Harbor in Hawai‘i: A Reflection on an Annual Workshop for U.S. and Japanese Secondary School Teachers</title>
		<link>http://www.shafr.org/2011/12/03/remembering-pearl-harbor-in-hawai%e2%80%98i-a-reflection-on-an-annual-workshop-for-u-s-and-japanese-secondary-school-teachers/</link>
		<comments>http://www.shafr.org/2011/12/03/remembering-pearl-harbor-in-hawai%e2%80%98i-a-reflection-on-an-annual-workshop-for-u-s-and-japanese-secondary-school-teachers/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 04 Dec 2011 00:39:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Yujin Yaguchi</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Franklin Roosevelt administration:  1933-1945]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Japan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Op-Eds]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Roundtable]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World War II:  1939-1945]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.shafr.org/?p=3478</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Every year on December 8, I ask my first-year undergraduate students if they can think of anything significant about that day. Some students point out that it is the day Japan attacked Pearl Harbor in 1941. Others say it is the day John Lennon was shot to death in 1980.
Obviously the two incidents did not [...]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Rising Isolationism, A Renewed Danger?</title>
		<link>http://www.shafr.org/2011/11/15/rising-isolationism-a-renewed-danger/</link>
		<comments>http://www.shafr.org/2011/11/15/rising-isolationism-a-renewed-danger/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 16 Nov 2011 02:48:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Christopher McKnight Nichols</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Africa]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Anti-War Efforts]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Barack Obama administration:  2009-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dwight Eisenhower administration:  1953-1961]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Early Cold War:  1945-1961]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Foreign aid]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[George W. Bush administration:  2001-2008]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gilded Age:  1876-1900]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ideology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Inter-war Diplomacy:  1919-1939]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Military affaris]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Peace and dissent]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Post-9/11:  2001-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Post-Cold War:  1991-2001]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Public Opinion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[State Department]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Theory and Ideas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[United Nations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[United States]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World War I:  1914-1918]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World War II:  1939-1945]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Adlai Stevenson]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Barack Obama]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[engagement]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[foreign assistance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[foreign entanglements]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[George W. Bush]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gerald Nye]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[idealism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[internationalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[isolationism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[realism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Republican presidential candidates]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[transnationalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[William Borah]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.shafr.org/?p=3366</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[It is an honor to be kicking off the blog for the Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations for the fall of 2011. I thank Andrew Johns, Brian Etheridge, and the officers of SHAFR for the invitation, and I look forward to an excellent year of diverse debates and dynamic discussions.
For this column, which [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.shafr.org/2011/11/15/rising-isolationism-a-renewed-danger/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Moving Beyond (and Before) the Cold War</title>
		<link>http://www.shafr.org/2011/07/16/moving-beyond-and-before-the-cold-war/</link>
		<comments>http://www.shafr.org/2011/07/16/moving-beyond-and-before-the-cold-war/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 16 Jul 2011 13:53:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>David Ekbladh</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Anti-War Efforts]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Domestic groups and organizations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Early Cold War:  1945-1961]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Financial Policies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[International Organizations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Modernization]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Policymaking--International]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Post-Cold War:  1991-2001]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[United Nations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World War II:  1939-1945]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.shafr.org/?p=3280</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I’ll take up the point raised by Shane Maddock’s recent post on moving beyond the Cold War.  I share his feeling that the focus on the conflict has imposed its own “interpretive framework” on scholarship in U.S. foreign relations and international history generally and that this scaffolding can limit our understanding of a slew of [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.shafr.org/2011/07/16/moving-beyond-and-before-the-cold-war/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Thinking about Remembering</title>
		<link>http://www.shafr.org/2010/03/22/thinking-about-remembering/</link>
		<comments>http://www.shafr.org/2010/03/22/thinking-about-remembering/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 22 Mar 2010 19:53:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Molly Wood</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Afghanistan War:  2001-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Iraq War:  2003-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[United States]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Vietnam:  1961-1975]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World War I:  1914-1918]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World War II:  1939-1945]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Afghanistan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[iraq]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[tourism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[veterans]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Vietnam]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[war memorials]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World War I]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World War II]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.shafr.org/?p=2195</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I grew up in Richmond, Virginia, and even though I have not lived there for many years, I still visit regularly. I often think that my decision to become a historian stems in part from the stories of my family history told to me by grandparents and other relatives. I learned from my grandmother, for [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.shafr.org/2010/03/22/thinking-about-remembering/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Weekly Digest &#8211; 10/12/09</title>
		<link>http://www.shafr.org/2009/10/12/weekly-digest-101209/</link>
		<comments>http://www.shafr.org/2009/10/12/weekly-digest-101209/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 12 Oct 2009 18:41:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Nick Ducote</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Around the Web]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Barack Obama administration:  2009-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Domestic politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Early Cold War:  1945-1961]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Financial Policies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Harry Truman administration:  1945-1953]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Imperialism:  1898-1913]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[International Economic Relations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[International Organizations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[International Trade and Economics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Iraq War:  2003-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Korean War: 1950-1953]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Late Cold War:  1961-1991]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Lyndon Johnson administration:  1963-1969]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Military affaris]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Post-9/11:  2001-present]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Presidency]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[United Kingdom]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World War I:  1914-1918]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World War II:  1939-1945]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Afghanistan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Barack Obama]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dollar]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Euro]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hillary Clinton]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[International Space Station]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[NASA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nobel prize]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[patriotism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[US economy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[war]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.shafr.org/?p=1704</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[President Obama&#8217;s only real diplomatic accomplishment so far has been to change the direction and tone of American foreign policy from unilateral bullying to multilateral listening and cooperating. That&#8217;s important, to be sure, but not nearly enough. The Prize is really more of Booby Prize for Obama&#8217;s predecessor. [more] 
On Monday, the Independent reported that [...]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Was Julia a Spy? Women in the OSS and CIA</title>
		<link>http://www.shafr.org/2009/09/18/was-julia-a-spy-women-in-the-oss-and-cia/</link>
		<comments>http://www.shafr.org/2009/09/18/was-julia-a-spy-women-in-the-oss-and-cia/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 18 Sep 2009 19:15:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Molly Wood</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Intelligence]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Women]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World War II:  1939-1945]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Central Intelligence Agency]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Julia Child]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Office of Strategic Services]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World War II]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.shafr.org/?p=1637</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[ I must admit while absorbing the recent burst of publicity about the movie Julie and Julia, I wondered idly if the film would cover any of Julia Child&#8217;s pre-marriage career with the Office of Strategic Services.  It does not. But happily, in August 2008, the National Archives declassified the 24,000 names of OSS personnel and [...]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
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